Полиуретанmaterials [that is, high molecular polymers containing urethane groups and -NHCOO in the main chain of macromolecules] have developed rapidly since the industrial production was not released on the market in the 1950s. Compared with polymer rubber materials, it has its own unique characteristics. It can use different numbers of functional groups and different types of functional groups according to different performance requirements, and use different production processes to produce полиуретан products with different properties and properties.
Among rubber rubber types, there are полиуретан rubber varieties that can be cross-linked. There are also those that are not in the category of rubber, such as foam plastics, rigid plastic products, coatings, high resilience synthetic fibers, artificial leather, adhesives, and so on.
Полиуретански материјали се тренутно широко користе у разним областима. На пример, у ваздухопловној индустрији, његови тврди производи, меки производи и производи од пене лакши су од металних материјала, [веома важних за авионе], и имају високу отпорност и незапаљивост. , Изолација високе чврстоће, ултра ниске температуре итд., Користи се за хаубе авиона, брзинске кочнице, радоме, пунилачке резервоаре за гориво у авионима, бове за испаривање контроле контроле потрошње горива итд., Као и различите потпорне оквире и јастуке за унутрашње украсе . Користи се за очување топлоте у транспортној индустрији.Полиуретанматеријали су неодвојиви од материјала и јастука за седишта, производње кућног намештаја, па чак и врхунских кондома за одрасле и гума. Недавни развој и употреба производа у аутомобилској опреми за апсорпцију удара и пригушивање привукли су већу пажњу.
Although there are many types of полиуретан products, the classification of its products is nothing more than:
Flexible foam products, rigid products, and elastomers [thermoplastic elastomers, vulcanizable elastomers EU, AU]. The product molding equipment, such as mixing полиуретан rubber, is generally solid and can be vulcanized with sulfur, peroxide, and polyisocyanate. It can be designed according to the conventional rubber product production process and formula. If it is a thermoplastic elastomer, it can be injection or compression molding. If it is a plastic полиуретан, може се произвести методом ливења. Флексибилнополиуретан foam products as an example, the composition of the formula, the main reactants of which are polyether, polyester, or other polyols; and polyisocyanates. Others include water [chain extender], crosslinking agent, catalyst, foam stabilizer, external blowing agent, flame retardant, mold release agent, coloring agent, etc. The production process is generally two-component liquid reaction molding. That is to say, one group is that the polyol polymer and the isocyanate are mixed and reacted first, and then the above reactants are mixed with another group including water, blowing agent, stabilizer, catalyst, and various auxiliary agents to produce organic carbamate. At the same time, the reactants such as urea group use the reaction to generate carbon dioxide, release a large amount of heat, vaporize the added blowing agent, and then use the catalyst to adjust the foaming speed, and finally complete the product with uniform foam structure. At present, the automobile manufacturing industry has continuously improved safety, comfort, and durability, and has high requirements for durability in high-strength working conditions of shock-absorbing and damping elastomer parts. A new type of shock absorber made of полиуретан flexible foam has appeared in foreign markets. Its physical and mechanical properties and damping effect are slightly better than rubber damping accessories. The product requires a density of 0.08g 丿cm3, a material compression of 5%, a compressive strength of more than 7Kpa, the product works normally at -20-40 "degrees", the product's compression set is not more than 10%, and it has oil resistance. Under pressure impact, no fracture occurs. The production process is not special. The key lies in its main reaction material. Currently, BASF is monopolizing the production and supply. BASF also learns from DuPont's market supply principle of perfluoroether rubber, which is to sell only finished products, not raw materials. , In order to achieve the reduction of market competitors.
Ова нова врстаполиуретанфлексибилни пенасти аутомобилски делови који апсорбују ударце усваја напредни процес обликовања у једном кораку, односно све компоненте сировина у формулацији, као што су изоцијанат, полиол полимер, продуживач ланца, катализатор, стабилизатор пене и други. мери се према формули, са изоцијанатом као посебном компонентом, а различита помоћна средства као што су полиол полимер, вода, помоћно средство за дување, продуживач ланца, тензид, катализатор итд. унапред се припремају у једну компоненту, а затим се једном дода у реакциону посуду и затим додати средство за пењење. Након мешања и мешања великом брзином, врши се процес реакције пене. Овај производни процес у једном кораку посебно је погодан за обраду прибора сложених облика и малих спецификација. У методи обликовања, мешана течност се директно убризгава у калуп компликованог облика, а затим се пени у шупљини калупа за формирање. Производи направљени овом методом. Спецификације и димензије су тачни, а према потребама се може користити и као метални производи.
Полиуретанproducts are currently widely used and the market demand is also large. Although my country started late, it has developed rapidly. Its global market share has reached more than a quarter. It has become the world's largest manufacturing and consumer market for полиуретан products. However, there is still a gap between the key main reaction materials and the advanced foreign level, and the industry needs to work hard to innovate and develop.It is reported that retreading tires with полиуретан material as tread rubber has better wear resistance and environmental protection than natural rubber. This innovative research and development has opened up a new way for retreading. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the полиуретан industry will have more room for development.
